Ubuchwepheshe bamajeneretha kagesi we-hydrogen (hydrogen fuel cell technology) buye bavela njengesixazululo esiphumelelayo emzamweni womhlaba wonke wokuthola amandla ahlanzekile futhi ahlala njalo. Ngokuguqula i-hydrogen ibe ugesi ngendlela ye-electrochemical, amajeneretha kagesi we-hydrogen ahlinzeka ngamandla ngaphandle kokukhishwa okungalimazi lutho, okubenza babe yingxenye ebalulekile ekuguqukeleni ekungabibikho kwekhabhoni (carbon neutrality). Ngokungafani nezinjini zokushisa ezijwayelekile ezisebenzisa izinto ezivela emafutheni ezimbiwa phansi, amajeneretha kagesi we-hydrogen akhishela umusi kuphela, ngaleyo ndlela anciphise kakhulu ukungcola komoya kanye nomthelela wekhabhoni. Ubuchwepheshe buyathandwa kakhulu ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwawo, ukukwazi ukukhula, nezinzuzo zemvelo. Njengoba izimboni kanye nohulumeni emhlabeni wonke bezibophezele ekwehliseni ukukhishwa kwegesi elibamba ukushisa (greenhouse gas emissions) ukulwa noshintsho lwesimo sezulu, izinhlelo zamajeneretha kagesi we-hydrogen zibekwe njengomsebenzi obalulekile ekukhiqizeni ugesi ohlanzekile.

Emkhakheni wokushukumisa izimoto, izicubu zamandla ezisekelwe ku-hydrogen zinikeza isixazululo esibanzi esibhekana nemikhawulo yezimoto ezisebenzisa amabhethri, njengokushaja isikhathi eside kanye nebanga elilinganiselwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinhlelo zingahlanganiswa kalula ezindaweni zamandla ezingaxhunyiwe kunethiwekhi kanye nalezo ezixhunyiwe, zithuthukise ukusebenza kwazo okuhlukahlukene. Amandla okukhiqiza ugesi ohlanzekile lapho ufunwa enza izicubu zamandla ezisekelwe ku-hydrogen zifaneleke kakhulu ezimotweni zokuhweba, izikhungo zedatha, izimboni, kanye nezindawo zokuhlala. Lesi sihloko sihluza izinhlelo zokukhiqiza amandla zakudala, izinzuzo zezicubu zamandla ezisekelwe ku-hydrogen, izicelo zazo ezihlukahlukene, kanye nezimo zesikhathi esizayo, sigxile ekutheni i-Shanghai Mingzheng Technology Co., Ltd. ibe nesandla kanjani kule ndawo yamandla eshintshayo.

Ugesi ojwayelekile wokukhiqiza izimoto kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwamandla okungagcini ngokuvamile kusebenzisa izinjini zikagesi ezisebenza ngedizili, uphethiloli, noma igesi yemvelo. Noma lezi zinjini zikagesi ziye zasetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yokwethembeka kwazo nengqalasizinda ezihleliwe, zinokushiyeka okubalulekile okumbalwa. Okokuqala, ukusebenza kwazo kubangela ukukhishwa okukhulu kwe-carbon dioxide neminye imikhiqizo engcolisa umoya, okufaka isandla ekonakaleni kwemvelo nasezinkingeni zezempilo yomphakathi. Lezi zinjini ezisekelwe kumafutha ezinto eziphilayo nazo zibiza kakhulu ngenxa yokuntengantenga kwentengo kaphethiloli futhi zidinga ukulungiswa njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwazo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinjini zikagesi zakudala zenza umsindo futhi zikhiphe umusi okudinga umoya omuhle, okwenza kube nzima ukuzisebenzisa ezindaweni ezibucayi njengezindawo zokugcina idatha nezindawo zokuhlala. Ukwanda kwengcindezi yemithetho yomhlaba wonke yokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni nokwamukela izixazululo zamandla esimeme kuyaphoqa izimboni ukuthi zifune ezinye izindlela ezinikeza ukukhiqizwa kwamandla okuhlanzekile, okuthule, nokusebenza kahle kakhudlwana. Ngalesi simo, izinhlelo zamandla ezisebenzisa uwoyela we-hydrogen zethula enye indlela ekhangayo ngokuphelisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni nokuvumela ukusebenza okuthule ngenkathi kunikezwa amandla athembekile okungaxhasi noma ukuhamba okuyinhloko kwezimoto.

Amakhemikhali kaphethiloli we-hydrogen anikeza izinzuzo eziningi kunezijeneretha zikagesi ezisebenzisa uphethiloli wakudala nezinhlelo zikagesi ezisebenzisa amabhethri. Okubaluleke kakhulu, akhiqizi ukukhishwa kwe-carbon, amanzi kuphela okuphuma kuwo, okwenza kube umthombo wamandla ohlanzekile ngempela. Lesi sici sisekela ngqo imizamo yokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-greenhouse gas nokuhambisana nemithetho yentela ye-zero-carbon esetshenziswa kianqamula umhlaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-hydrogen iningi futhi ingakhiqizwa emithonjeni evuselelekayo, njengokuhlukaniswa kwamanzi ngamandla elanga noma omoya, okuqinisekisa ukuthi umjikelezo wonke wamandla uhlala uzinzile.

Amakhemikhali kaphethiloli we-hydrogen ahlinzeka ngamandla amaningi, avumela izimoto ukuthi zihambe amabanga amade ngaphandle kwamabhethri amakhulu ajwayelekile ezimotweni zikagesi, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle namandla omthwalo. Aphinde avumele ukugcwaliswa okusheshayo uma kuqhathaniswa nokushaja ibhethri, kunciphise isikhathi sokuma futhi kwandise umkhiqizo wokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo zamakhemikhali kaphethiloli we-hydrogen zingaklanywa njengezinhlelo ezihlukahlukene ezisebenza kuzo zombili izinhlelo ezingaxhunyiwe ku-gridi kanye nezixhunywe ku-gridi, zinikeza ukuguquguquka ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezimo ezahlukene zokufunwa kwamandla. Lezi zinzuzo zigcizelela ukwamukelwa okukhulayo kwamaloli kaphethiloli we-hydrogen ezimotweni zokuhweba, izixazululo zamandla ezisekelayo, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamandla okumile.

Ubuchwepheshe bamajeneretha e-hydrogen bungasebenza ngezindlela eziningi futhi bungasetshenziswa ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene. Ezokuthutha ezohwebo, izimoto ezisebenzisa amajeneretha e-hydrogen zinikeza enye indlela ethembekile futhi ehlanzekile ezilolini namabhasi asebenzisa u-diesel, kunciphisa ukukhishwa kwemikhiqizo futhi kuhambisane nezinjongo zokuqhubeka kwezinkampani. Izikhungo zedatha, ezidinga ukuhlinzekwa kwamandla okungaphazamiseki nokuhlanzekile, zizuzwa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokugcina zamajeneretha e-hydrogen ezihlinzeka ngokusebenza okuthulile kanye nogesi ongakhishi ukungcola, kuthuthukisa iziqu zazo eziluhlaza.

Izimboni nezindawo zezimboni zivame ukusebenza ezindaweni ezikude noma ezingenawo ugesi futhi zidinga ugesi ozinzile ukuze kuqhubeke imisebenzi. Izinhlelo zamaseli kaphethiloli we-hydrogen, ezihlanganiswe nama-electrolyzer e-alkaline, zinikeza isixazululo esihlanganisiwe sokukhiqiza i-hydrogen nokuvelisa ugesi endaweni. Lokhu kuhlelwa kunciphisa ukuncika kumafutha ezinsalela futhi kunciphisa ubungozi obuhlobene nokuphazamiseka kokuhlinzekwa kukaphethiloli. Ezindlini zokuhlala, amaseli kaphethiloli angasebenza njengamandla okungenelela esimo esiphuthumayo noma njengemithombo yamandla eyinhloko, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezivame ukuphazamiseka kukagesi noma ezinokufinyelela okulinganiselwe kugridi. Isici esikhuphukayo salezi zinhlelo sivumela ukuthi zivumelane nezidingo ezahlukene zomthwalo, ziqinisekisa ukuphepha kwamandla nokusimama.

I-Shanghai Mingzheng Technology Co., Ltd. idlala indima ebalulekile ngokuhlinzeka ngama-electrolyzer aphambili e-alkaline kanye nezinhlelo zokukhiqiza i-hydrogen fuel cell ezihlelwe ukuze zisebenze kulezi zinhlelo ezihlukahlukene. Izixazululo zabo zenza kube lula ukuhlanganiswa ezindaweni zokuhweba, ezimbonini, nasezindlini, kusekela ushintsho lwamandla aluhlaza. Ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi ngezinsizakalo zabo eziphelele, vakashela ku-Isixazululo ikhasi.

Izinhlelo zamaseli kaphethiloli we-hydrogen zibonisa ukuguquguquka okumangalisayo ekufakweni, zivumela izinhlobo zombili ezingaxhunyiwe kugridi neziqhutshwa kugridi. Izinhlelo ezingaxhunyiwe kugridi zibaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezikude, ezimeni zokululama ezinhlekeleleni, kanye nezakhiwo ezidinga ukukhiqizwa kukagesi okuhlanzekile okuzimele ngaphandle kokuncika kugridi kagesi. Lezi zinhlelo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa ama-electrolyzer e-alkaline okukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen namaseli kaphethiloli akwi-onboard ukuze kukhiqizwe ugesi lapho kudingeka khona, okunikeza ukuhlinzekwa kukagesi okuthembekile nokungaphazamiseki.

Izinhlelo zamaseli kaphethiloli we-hydrogen ezixhunywe kugridi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zingasebenzisana negridi kagesi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Zingadlulisela amandla ahlanzekile engeziwe egidini ngezikhathi zokusebenzisa kancane noma zikhiphe amandla okukhiqiza i-hydrogen lapho amanani kagesi ethandeka. Leli khono lokuhamba ngezindlela ezimbili lithuthukisa ukuzinza kwegridi futhi lisekela ukuhlanganiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo. Amandla okushintsha kalula phakathi kokuzimela okungaxhunyiwe kugridi nokusebenza okuxhunywe kugridi kunikeza abasebenzisi bokugcina ukumelana nokusebenza kanye nokonga izindleko, okwenza amaseli kaphethiloli we-hydrogen abe isixazululo esiguquguqukayo sezindawo zamandla eziguqukayo.

Ubuchwepheshe be-Shanghai Mingzheng Technology ekuklameni nasekukhiqizeni lezi zinhlelo zamandla e-hydrogen eziguquguqukayo kuqinisekisa ukuthi amaklayenti athola izixazululo ezenziwe ngendlela efanele ezihlangabezana nezidingo zawo ezithile zokukhiqiza amandla. Hlola ubuchwepheshe obusha nezinsizakalo zokusekela abazinikezayo ku-Ukusekela ikhasi.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto ze-hydrogen fuel cell emhlabeni wangempela kugcizelela izinzuzo zazo ezisebenzayo nokwethembeka. Emithonjeni yezohwebo, izinkampani eziningi ziye zaphumelela ukufaka izikhangiso ze-diesel nge-hydrogen fuel cells, okuholele ekwehleni kokukhishwa kwekhabhoni nasezingeni eliphansi lokukh noise. Izikhungo zedatha ezihlinzekwe ngogesi olusekelwe ku-fuel cell ziye zathola isikhathi esengeziwe sokusebenza nokuhambisana nezinhlelo zamandla aluhlaza, zikhombisa ukusebenza kahle kokusebenza kanye nezibopho zemvelo.

Izikhungo zezimboni ezisebenzisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen endaweni okuhlanganiswe nesizukulwane samandla eselula (fuel cell) ziye zanciphisa ukuncika kwazo kugridi kagesi kanye nemikhiqizo kaphethiloli, zafinyelela ukonga izindleko zamandla kanye nokusimama okukhulu. Amaphrojekthi okuqala ezindlini abelokhu ekhombisa ukuthi izinhlelo zamaseli amandla (fuel cell) zinikeza amandla okungaxhuma kuwo lapho kukhona ukuphazamiseka, kuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwamandla abanikazi bezindlu. Lezi zifundo zibonisa ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bamandla eselula (hydrogen fuel cell) bungakhula futhi bungasetshenziswa ezindaweni ezahlukene, buqinisekisa indima yabo njengesisekelo samasu amandla ahlanzekile.

Ikakhwezi lobuchwepheshe be-hydrogen fuel cell ibonakala ngokuqhubeka kwezinto ezintsha eziqondiswe ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle, ukwehlisa izindleko, nokwandisa izinhlelo. Ukuqhubeka komklamo we-alkaline electrolyzer kanye nezinto ze-fuel cell stack kwandisa ukuqina kwesistimu kanye nezinga lokuguqulwa kwamandla. Ukuhlanganiswa nobuchwepheshe bokubeka amandla wedijithali kanye ne-smart grid kwandisa ukuphathwa kwesistimu, ukugcinwa okubikezelayo, kanye nokuphathwa kokusebenza.

Indima ye-hydrogen ekufezeni ikusasa elingenayo i-carbon iyabonwa abenzi bezinqubomgomo nabaholi bemboni emhlabeni wonke, okuholela ekwandeni kwezimali kanye nezinhlaka zokulawula ezisekelayo. Ingqalasizinda eyandayo yokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen, ukuyigcina, nokuyisabalalisa iyashesha ukwamukelwa kwezithuthi, ukukhiqizwa kukagesi, kanye nemikhakha yezimboni. I-Shanghai Mingzheng Technology Co., Ltd. ihlala ingaphambili kulezi zenzakalo ngokuletha izixazululo ze-hydrogen eluhlaza ezisezingeni eliphezulu kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlola imvelo, kukhuthazwa ukukhula okuzinzile kanye nokuqamba okusha. Ukuze uthole ukuqonda okuphelele ngemicimbi yabo ye-hydrogen eluhlaza, vakashela kuUkuqala Okusha Kwama-Green Hydrogen & Ukuhlolwa Kwemvelo Okusha ikhasi.

Izinhlelo zamaseli kaphethiloli we-hydrogen zimelela ubuchwepheshe obuguqulayo obunamandla okuguqula izimoto namandla kagesi emikhakheni eminingi. Ngokunikeza izixazululo zamandla ezihlanzekile, eziphumelelayo, neziguquguqukayo, zixazulula imikhawulo yezinjini zikagesi ezijwayelekile nezinhlelo zebhethri, ngenkathi kuncishiswa kakhulu ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni nomthelela emvelweni. Ukuhlanganiswa kwama-electrolyzer e-alkaline namaseli kaphethiloli we-hydrogen kwenza izicelo ezihlukahlukene kusuka ezimotweni zezentengiselwano kuya ezindaweni zedatha, ezimbonini, nasezindaweni zokuhlala, kusekela izidingo zamandla angaxhunyiwe ku-gridi kanye nezixhunywe ku-gridi.

Njengoba umphakathi womhlaba uqhubeka nokwandisa imizamo yokulwa nezinguquko zesimo sezulu, ama-hydrogen fuel cells ahlukaniswa njengobuchwepheshe obubalulekile bokufeza izinhlelo zamandla eziqhubekayo nezizinzile. Ukuzibophezela kweShanghai Mingzheng Technology Co., Ltd. ezixazululweni zamandla e-hydrogen advanced kanye nezivivinyo zemvelo kubonisa ubuchwepheshe obudingekayo ukuze kufezwe le mbono. Ukubamba ama-hydrogen fuel cells namuhla kuveza indlela yokwakha ikusasa lamandla elihlanzekile, eliluhlaza, nelizinzile kubo bonke.