Shiya umlayezo
isiZulu
Thintana nathi:
Imeyili: sales@sh-mingzheng.com
Selina +8613611738886
Whapsapp: 13691593872
Izixazululo ze-Hydrogen Zekusasa Elinciphisa Ikhabhoni: Amandla Okusekela & Ama-Fuel Cell Ezimoto
Kwadalwa ngo 09.05
Izixazululo ze-Hydrogen ngekusasa eline-Carbon ephansi: Amandla okusekela kanye nama-Fuel Cell ezimoto
1. Isingeniso: Indima yamasu ye-Hydrogen ngekusasa eline-Carbon ephansi
Umhlaba umi empambanweni enqumayo lapho ukukhuphuka kwesidingo sikagesi, amanani kagesi aguquguqukayo, kanye nezibopho ezinamandla zokuguquka kwesimo sezulu kuphoqa amabhizinisi ukuthi acabange kabusha ngalawa wonke ama-megawatt awasebenzisayo ekusaseni elinganambitheki kahle ngekhabhoni. I-hydrogen iyaqashelwa kakhulu njenge-'amandla ekusasa' ngoba inikeza ukuminyana kwamandla okuphezulu, ukungakhiphi nhlobo ukungcola ekushiseni, kanye nokutholakala okungenamkhawulo emanzini uma ikhiqizwa ngendlela ehlanzekile. Ngokungafani namandla avuselelekayo angaguquki ancike ekukhanyeni kwelanga noma emoyeni, i-hydrogen ingagcinwa ngobuningi futhi ithunyelwe ngesikhathi esifunekayo, okwenza ibe umlingani ofanelekile wokukhiqiza ugesi okuthembekile. Umnyombo walolu shintsho uncike kubuchwepheshe obubili obuhambisanayo: amasistimu okukhiqiza amandla nge-hydrogen fuel cell aguqule i-H2 egciniwe ibe ugesi, kanye nemishini ye-electrolysis ekhiqiza lokhu kuphethiloli okuhlanzekile emanzini isebenzisa ugesi ovuselelekayo. Ndawonye, la masistimu avumela abasebenzisi bezohwebo nezimboni ukuthi bahlukanise umkhondo wabo wekhabhoni ekuqhubekeni kwabo kokusebenza nokuphepha kwamandla. Inhloso yalo mhlahlandlela ukuchaza kahle ukuthi ubuchwepheshe be-hydrogen fuel cell, obusekelwa yi-alkaline (ALK) ethuthukisiwe kanye ne-anion exchange membrane (AEM) electrolysis, bungabhekana kanjani nezinselele zamandla okusekela, ukuhamba kwezimoto zezohwebo, kanye nokwehliswa kwekhabhoni okujulile kwezimboni. Lokhu ukuhlaziywa okuphelele okuhloselwe abaphathi bezikhungo, abaqhubi bezimoto, onjiniyela bezimboni, kanye nabaholi bezokuthutha okusimeme okumele benze izinqumo ezinobuhlakani ngemali namuhla.
Leli nhlaka elisafufusa lezimboni limelelwa yi-Shanghai Mingzheng Technology Co., Ltd., inkampani yezobuchwepheshe ephezulu ethuthukisa futhi ihlanganise imishini yamandla e-hydrogen eluhlaza nezixazululo zokuhlola ezemvelo kulo lonke uchungechunge lwenani. Le nkampani igqama ngoba ayithengisi nje izingxenye; iklama amasistimu aphelele axhumanisa ukuhlukaniswa kwamanzi, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla nge-hydrogen fuel cell, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-stack, ukuhlola okuzenzakalelayo, namakamelo esimo sezulu enziwe ngokwezifiso ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi eqinile. Lobu uchwepheshe obuqondile bubalulekile ekusaseni elinokukhishwa kwekhabhoni okuphansi, ngoba ukwethembeka, ukuphepha, nokusebenza kufanele kuklanywe kuyo yonke impahla ye-hydrogen kunokuba kucatshangwe nje. Izinhlangano ezihlola izixazululo ze-hydrogen ekusaseni elinokukhishwa kwekhabhoni okuphansi kufanele ngakho zihlole ozakwethu abangakwazi ukuletha kokubili ikhemistri yokuhlukaniswa kwamanzi nobunjiniyela bomzimba bamatafula okuhlola nemigqa yokukhiqiza. Kulo lonke leli athikili, sizobhekisela kulokhu kusebenza okuhlanganisiwe ukuze sibonise ukuthi ithiyori iguquka kanjani ibe ingqalasizinda yezohwebo engenzeka esekela ukuqhubeka kwebhizinisi kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni ngasikhathi sinye.
2. Ubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo emuva komnotho we-Hydrogen: I-ALK ne-AEM Electrolysis nama-Fuel Cell
Enhliziyweni yanoma iyiphi isu le-hydrogen kungumbuzo wokuthi uphethiloli uqobo ukhiqizwa kanjani, futhi ubuchwepheshe banamuhla be-electrolysis bunikeza izindlela ezimbili ezivuthiwe zokukhiqiza okufanele wonke umphathi wamandla aziqonde esikhathini esizayo esingena-carbon eminyaka. I-Alkaline (ALK) water electrolysis iyindlela evame kakhulu, isebenzisa i-potassium hydroxide electrolyte ewuketshezi ukuhlukanisa amanzi abe yi-hydrogen ne-oxygen ku-cathode ne-anode ngokulandelana, futhi isebenze ngezinga lezimboni isikhathi esingaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka. Izinhlelo ze-ALK zithandwa ngenxa yezindleko zazo eziphansi zokuqala, isikhathi eside sokusebenza, nokubekezelela ukungcola, okwenza zifanelekele ukukhiqizwa okukhulu okugxilile lapho imijikelezo yokusebenza eqhubekayo, njengokugcina kwe-grid-scale noma ukunikezwa kwezinto zokusebenza zezimboni, kuyinto ephambili. Okushintshaniswayo okuyinhloko kufaka phakathi ukuminyana kwamanje okuphansi, ukusabela okunensayo okunensa, kanye nesidingo sokuphathwa ngokucophelela kwe-balance-of-plant ukuze kugcinwe ubumsulwa begesi nokusebenza kahle kwamandla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Noma kunjalo, i-ALK ihlala iyithuluzi eliyinhloko lamaphrojekthi amaningi amakhulu e-green hydrogen ngoba umnotho wayo uthuthuka kakhulu lapho izintengo zikagesi ovuselelekayo ziphansi futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuphezulu.
I-Anion exchange membrane (AEM) electrolysis, ngokuphambene, ihlanganisa izinzuzo ze-proton exchange membrane (PEM) ukushesha nobulula bamakhemikhali e-alkaline ukuze isebenze izinhlelo ezisatshalalisiwe neziguquguqukayo eziwumgogodla wekusasa elinokhabhoni ephansi. Amayunithi e-AEM asebenzisa ulwelwesi oluqinile lwe-polymer oluqhuba ama-hydroxide ion, aqeda uhlelo lokujikeleza kwe-electrolyte ewuketshezi olugqwala kuyilapho esavumela ukusetshenziswa kwama-catalyst asekelwe ku-nickel angabizi kakhulu esikhundleni sezinsimbi eziyigugu ezifana ne-iridium noma i-platinum. Lokhu kusungulwa kwesakhiwo kuletha ikhono lokulandela umthwalo ngokushesha, indawo encane, nokusebenza okuphephile okufanele izixazululo ze-green hydrogen zekusasa elinokhabhoni ephansi ezakhiweni, ezimbonini, nasezikhungweni zokuthutha lapho indawo ilinganiselwe. Ngenxa yokuthi ulwelwesi lusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezinobumnene futhi lungabhekana nemijikelezo yokuqala nokuma evamisile, ama-AEM electrolyzer ahlangana ngokwemvelo namandla elanga nawomoya aguquguqukayo futhi anciphisa isidingo sokwelashwa okubanzi kwegesi engezansi. Kwamakhasimende amaningi ezohwebo, into enqumayo ukuthi i-AEM inikeza izindleko eziphansi zobunikazi obuphelele zokukhiqiza i-hydrogen endaweni ngezinga elilinganiselwe kunezinhlelo eziqhudelanayo. Ekugcineni, indawo eklanywe kahle ingase ihlanganise i-ALK yokukhiqiza okuyisisekelo ne-AEM yokufinyelela ezingeni eliphezulu nokuphendula esidingweni ukuze kulungiselelwe kokubili izindleko zobuncwadi nezokusebenza.
Ucezu oluhambisana nalolu daba i-fuel cell ye-hydrogen, umshini we-electrochemical ohlehlisa i-electrolysis futhi ubuyisela i-hydrogen egciniwe ibe ugesi ukuze isetshenziswe emandleni nasezintweni zokuthutha. Ngaphakathi kwe-fuel cell, igesi ye-hydrogen iya ku-anode lapho i-catalyst ikhipha ama-electron kuma-molecule, futhi lawo ma-electron ahamba nge-circuit yangaphandle ukuze akhiqize i-direct current ewusizo kuyilapho ama-proton ewela ulwelwesi ukuze asabele ne-oxygen ku-cathode. Lokhu kusabela kukhiqiza umhwamuko wamanzi nokushisa kuphela njengemikhiqizo engemihle, okusho ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kwe-hydrogen fuel cell kufeza ukungakhishi okungcolile ngempela lapho kusetshenziswa khona ngaphandle kwesinyathelo sokushisa. Ngokungafani nama-generator avutha ngaphakathi, ama-fuel cell asebenza buthule, awanyakazi kancane, athola ukusebenza kahle kukagesi phakathi kuka-45 no-60 wephesenti, futhi angadlula amaphesenti angu-85 ekusebenzeni okuphelele uma ukushisa okulahliwe kuthathwa ukuze kushisise noma kupholise. Ubuchwepheshe be-stack buvumela ukukhuliswa ngokwezinga, ngakho ipulatifomu eyodwa ingasebenzela uhlelo oluthwala amakhilowathi angu-5 noma isitshalo samandla esikhulu sama-megawatt amaningi. Ukuvuthwa kwalobu buchwepheshe kubonakala ekutheni izinhlelo eziningi ze-fuel cell eziyisipele kanye nezimishini eziningi zezohwebo sezivele zisebenza emhlabeni wonke namuhla.
3. Amandla okusekela athembekile ezakhiweni zezohwebo, izikhungo zedatha, nezimboni
Ukuthembeka kwegridi sekuphenduke indaba ekhathaza abanikazi bezakhiwo ababhekene nengqalasizinda emisha yokudlulisa ugesi, izenzakalo zezulu ezinzima, kanye nengozi ekhulayo yokucishwa kukagesi okukhubaza imisebenzi ebalulekile. Ama-generator adizela ngokwesiko agcwalisa indima yamandla aphuthumayo, kodwa aletha umsindo, izindleko eziphezulu zokuthutha uphethiloli, kanye nokukhishwa okukhulu kwe-carbon dioxide nezinhlayiya ezishayisana kakhulu nezithembiso ze-net-zero zezinkampani. Amasistimu amandla e-hydrogen fuel cell anikeza enye indlela ehlakaniphile ngoba angasetshenziswa njengempahla yokulinda ehlala njalo ethula futhi ehlanzekile, kodwa inikeze amandla agcwele ngemizuzwana nje ngemva kokuphazamiseka kwegridi. Uma ihlanganiswa nama-electrolyzer asendaweni kanye nokugcinwa kwe-hydrogen, la masistimu akha i-microgrid ezimele engasebenza izinsuku noma amasonto ngaphandle kokulethwa kukaphethiloli kwangaphandle, inikeze ukuzimela kwangempela kwamandla hhayi isixazululo sesikhashana. Izakhiwo zamahhovisi ezentengiselwano zizuzisa ngokugcina ama-elevator, ukukhanyisa, amasistimu okuphepha, kanye namanethiwekhi e-IT ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokukhiqiza kwabaqashi ngesikhathi sokucishwa kukagesi isikhathi eside ekusaseni eline-carbon ephansi.
Amazinda edatha amelela icala elikhethekile kakhulu lezixazululo ze-hydrogen ngoba ukuma kosebenza kubiza kakhulu, ngokuvamile kubiza amakhulu ezinkulungwane zamadola ngomzuzu ngokulahlekelwa kwemisebenzi nokulimala kwesithunzi. Izikhungo zanamuhla ziya zisebenza ngamandla aphezulu adala inselelo ngisho nakubhakede oluthuthukile lwebhethri, ngoba amandla okusekela angaphazamiseki agubha kuphela izikhathi ezimfushane zokulinda kuyilapho amaseli kaphethiloli we-hydrogen engakwazi ukuqhubeka asekela amaseva isikhathi sonke sokuphazamiseka kwezinsuku eziningi. Ukuhlanganisa i-electrolyzer ekhiqiza i-hydrogen ngezikhathi zamanani aphansi kagesi noma ukukhiqizwa okungaphezu kwesidingo kokuvuselelekayo nakho kungaguqula inkinga yokunikezwa kukaphethiloli, kuqede ukuncika kugesi ocindezelwe ovalelwe emalolini futhi kuthuthukise umnotho wesikhungo sonke. Izimboni zokukhiqiza zibhekene nenselelo efanayo ngoba imigqa yokukhiqiza ihlushwa ukuphazamiseka okulimazayo, imishini kufanele ivalwe ngokuphephile, futhi izinqubo ezilawulwa ngezinga lokushisa zingonakalisa amabhaji wonke uma ugesi utholakala isikhathi esifushane nje. Kulezimo ezinjalo, amasistimu okusekela e-hydrogen fuel cell anikezela ukwethembeka okuphezulu ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima, izidingo eziphansi zokunakekela, kanye nekhono lokuvumelanisa namandla akhona okusekela angaphazamiseki kanye nezinto zokushintsha kagesi kumthengisi owodwa. Isimo sangempela sokusebenzisa sizohilela i-electrolyzer esebenza ngokuqhubekayo ukugcina i-hydrogen buffer engaphansi komhlaba, imodyuli ye-fuel cell exhunywe kubhasi ophuthumayo, kanye nesilawuli se-microgrid esithatha isinqumo ngokuzimela sokuthi nini sizohlukanisa imboni kunkampani kagesi ehlulekayo.
4. Amasistimu Kagesi Ezimoto Zezohwebo: Ama-Fuel Cell Adlula Amabhetri Emisebenzini Enzima
Ukuthutha okunzima ngempela kungukuthi lapho amasistimu amandla e-hydrogen fuel cell ekhombisa khona ukusebenza kahle kwawo ngokusobala kunezixazululo zebhetri ye-electric emsulwa nje kuphela ngesikhathi esizayo esingenawo amalahle. Amaloli, amabhasi, nezimpiyela zokuthutha zidinga ubude bohambo, umthamo wokuthwala, kanye nesivinini sokugcwalisa uphethiloli okuthi ama-lithium-ion amanje athwale kanzima ukuwakhipha ngaphandle kwesisindo esiningi kanye nezikhathi zokushaja ezithiya kakhulu. Imoto ye-fuel cell electric ithwala uphethiloli we-hydrogen emathangini alula e-composite, igcwalisa cishe phakathi nemizuzu eyishumi nanhlanu, futhi ijwayele ukuthola ibanga lokushayela elingama-500 kuya ku-800 wamakhilomitha, ifana kakhulu nokusebenza kukadizili lapho amabhetri engakwazi ukukwenza ngokomnotho. Ukonga isisindo kuhumushela ngqo ekukhuleni kwemali engenayo yokuthwala kubaqhubi bezimpahla, kanti ukungabikho kwamaphakethe amakhulu ebhetri kunciphisa izindleko zokunikela ngemoto empilweni yayo yonke yemoto naphezu kwezindleko eziphezulu zohlelo lokuqala lwe-fuel. Amabhasi e-battery electric ngokuqinisekile ayakhanya emizileni emifushane yasedolobheni lapho kushajwa khona ebusuku, kodwa ama-fuel cell agqama emizileni ephakathi kwamadolobha, ekuqoqweni kukadoti, nasekusabalaliseni amabanga amade lapho imisebenzi ingaqikeleleki futhi isikhathi sokuma silahlekelwa yimali engenayo. Ngenxa yalokho, abaqhubi abaningi basebenzisa izinhlaka eziguquguqukayo ezihlanganisiwe lapho ibhetri elincane liphethe ukubuyisela amandla kanye nokuphakama kwesikhashana kuyilapho i-fuel cell ihlinzeka amandla aqhubekayo e-drivetrain kagesi.
Ukusetshenziswa ngempela kwezimoto ze-hydrogen ezihweba ngempela nakho kuncike engqalasizindeni yokugcwalisa uphethiloli okumelwe ihlelwe ngokucophelela njengezimoto ngokwazo. Ngokungafani nendawo elula kagesi, iziteshi ze-hydrogen zidinga ukunakwa ngokucophelela ekucindezelweni, ekugcinweni, ekupholiseni, nasezinqubweni zokukhipha eziqinisekisa ukuthi ukugcwaliswa kwe-350 noma i-700 bar kulethwa ngokuphephile esikhathini esifushane abashayeli abalindele. Amanethiwekhi ezokuthutha ngakho-ke kufanele abeke iziteshi ngokuhlelekile ezindaweni zokupaka, eduze kwemigwaqo emikhulu, naseduze kwezindawo zempahla ukuze abaphathi bezimoto bakwazi ukukhulisa ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto nokunciphisa amakhilomitha okubuya angenalutho. I-Shanghai Mingzheng Technology iletha ubuchwepheshe obukhulu kule ngxenye ngokuhlanganisa kwayo izixazululo zamandla ezimoto zezohwebo, kusukela kuma-fuel cell stacks kanye ne-balance-of-plant kuya ekuhlolweni okuqinile kwemvelo okuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle ngaphansi kwezimo ezishisayo, ezomswakamo, zokudlidliza, nokuphakama. Lokhu kuqinisekiswa kubalulekile ngoba uhlelo lokushayela kufanele lusinde ezimweni ezinzima zomgwaqo, futhi ikhasi lethu lemishini ehlobene ne-fuel cell libonisa ukuthi amatafula okuhlola ayinkimbinkimbi alingisa kanjani iminyaka yokusebenza ngaphambi kokuba imoto iqale ukusebenza. Abanikazi bezimoto ababambisana nomhlinzeki wemishini okwazi ukusekela kokubili ukuhlanganiswa kwezimoto nokuqaliswa kwengqalasizinda banganciphisa kakhulu isikhathi ukusuka ekuhlolweni kuya enzuzweni, okuyinjongo ngqo yezixazululo ze-hydrogen ngekusasa elinokukhaboni okuphansi.
5. Umbono Wezomnotho: Lapho i-Hydrogen Ilingana Nezindleko Namandla Endabuko
Noma yikuphi ukuhlolwa okuzwakalayo kwamandla kagesi we-hydrogen kumele kubhekane nodaba lwezindleko, futhi indawo yokuqala ethembekile ukuthi i-green hydrogen njengamanje ithwala izinga eliphezulu le-levelized cost of energy (LCOE) kunezimali zikagesi we-grid ezindaweni eziningi zomhlaba namuhla. Ngokuya ngezintengo zikagesi, izindleko zongxiwankulu, kanye nesilinganiso somthamo, i-LCOE yamandla asuselwa ku-hydrogen ngokuvamile isukela cishe ekuphindwe kabili kuya kokuphindwe kane kwezindleko zikagesi ohlinzekwa ngumphakathi, okuchaza ukuthi kungani ukusetshenziswa kugxile ezinhlelweni ezikhethekile ezinjengamandla okusekela kanye nezokuthutha. Izindaba ezikhuthazayo ukuthi leli gebe liyavalwa ngokushesha ngoba izindleko zongxiwankulu be-electrolyzer zilandela ijika lokufunda elifana nalelo elibonwa kuma-solar modules namabhetri e-lithium, ngezintengo zamasistimu zehla ngamaphesenti amabili ezigidigidi ngonyaka ngamunye njengoba ukukhiqiza kukhula. Ugesi ovuselelekayo, owenza ingxenye enkulu kunazo zonke yezindleko zokukhiqiza i-green hydrogen, nawo wehle ngentengo futhi usalokhu ehlala phansi cishe kuyo yonke imakethe yomhlaba, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa ngqo ingxenye enkulu yamandla okugcina alethwayo. Igagasi elinamandla lezibonelelo, amanani okondla, kanye nezindlela zokulawula manje zisekela amaphrojekthi aluhlaza kuyo yonke i-European Union, i-United States, i-China, ne-Japan, kwehlisa izindleko zokukhiqiza eziphumelelayo kude ngezansi kwalokho izintengo zemakethe ezingakuphakamisa.
Abahlaziyi babikezela ukuthi ngasekupheleni kwawo-2020s kuya ekuqaleni kwawo-2030s, i-green hydrogen enxhaswa ngemali kahulumeni izofinyelela ukulingana kwangempela nogesi we-grid ezinhlelweni eziningi zezohwebo, okushintsha ngokuyisisekelo umnotho wekusasa elingena-carbon. Lapho ama-electrolyzer esebenza ngamazinga aphezulu okusebenza esebenzisa amandla avuselelekayo ashibile, izindleko ze-hydrogen egciniwe zingehla ngaphansi kwama-dollar amathathu ngekhilogremu, lapho-ke uhlelo lwesimanje lwe-fuel cell lungakwazi ukuletha ugesi ngezindleko ezilinganayo nezintengo zokudayisa ezijwayelekile ezifundeni ezimbalwa. Leli zinga lokulingana libalulekile ngoba lisho ukuthi i-hydrogen ayiseyona nje ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile bezimo eziphuthumayo; iba ukukhetha okunengqondo kwezomnotho ekushintsheni umthwalo, ukugwema izimfuno zokukhokha, nokuzivikela ezimakethe zikagesi eziguquguqukayo. Imithombo yemali engeziwe, njengokuthengisa i-oxygen eyenzeka njengomkhiqizo, ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ze-grid njengokulawula imvamisa, nokwenza imali ngokuguquguquka kwe-hydrogen egciniwe, kungathuthukisa ngokuqhubekayo isimo sezimali sezinhlelo ezisendaweni. Kubaphathi bamandla ezakhiweni zezohwebo, ezikhungweni zedatha, nasezimbonini, umphumela osebenzayo ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kokukhiqiza amandla nge-hydrogen fuel cell akusiyona nje into yokusimama kodwa kuyisu lokuzivikela elithola izinzuzo ezikhula ngokushesha zokufunda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici zemvelo zokushintsha i-diesel noma amandla e-grid ngezikhathi eziphezulu zifuna amakhredithi ekhabhoni abalulekile nezitifiketi eziluhlaza ezindaweni eziningi, okufaka izinzuzo eziningi empahleni eyodwa.
6. Ngale Kokukhiqiza Ugesi: I-Hydrogen Yokwehlisa Ukungcola Kwezimboni Zensimbi Nokusimende
Umkhakha wezimboni ubamba cishe ingxenye yesine yokukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide emhlabeni wonke, futhi ingxenye enkulu yalokho kukhishwa ayikwazi ukuqedwa ngogesi kuphela, yingakho i-hydrogen igqama njengendlela ehamba phambili yokwehlisa ukukhishwa kwe-carbon ezimbonini ezijulile. Ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi yisibonelo esivelele kakhulu, ngoba izithando zensimbi ezivamile zisebenzisa i-coke njenge-reducing agent ukukhipha umoya-mpilo ku-iron ore, zikhiqize amanani amakhulu kakhulu e-carbon dioxide njengomkhiqizo ongenakugwenywa wamakhemikhali. Ngokushintshela ezinqubweni ze-direct reduced iron ezisebenzisa i-green hydrogen njenge-reducing agent, abakhiqizi bensimbi bangasusa cishe yonke imikhuba yokukhishwa kwe-carbon ngenkathi bekhiqiza insimbi enekhwalithi efanayo noma engcono kakhulu. Ukwehliswa ngokusebenzisa i-hydrogen futhi kusebenza emazingeni okushisa aphansi kunama-blast furnaces, kunciphisa amandla adingekayo esitshalweni, futhi kunika amandla ukusetshenziswa kwama-iron ore pellets asezingeni eliphezulu ukuze kuthuthukiswe umkhiqizo. Ama-consortium amakhulu asevele agunyaze izitshalo zokubonisa eYurophu nase-Asia, efakazela ukuthi insimbi ye-hydrogen iyasebenzeka ngokobuchwepheshe; inselele esele imane nje ukwehlisa izindleko ze-hydrogen ehlanzekile kuze kufike lapho inani elikhokhwa abathengi nge-'green steel' selamukeleka.
Ukukhiqizwa kukasimende kuveza ithuba eliyinkimbinkimbi kodwa elingabhekwana nalo kalula ngoba cishe amaphesenti angamashumi ayisithupha emikhuhlane yawo avela ekushisweni kwe-limestone, ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okukhipha i-carbon dioxide ngisho nalapho kungashiwa uphethiloli wezinto ezimbiwa phansi nhlobo. Ukushintsha uphethiloli kunikeza isixazululo esingxenye ngokufaka i-hydrogen esikhundleni samalahle noma i-gas yemvelo kuma-rotary kiln ahlinzeka ngokushisa okukhulu okudingekayo ekukhiqizweni kwe-clinker, kunciphisa ingxenye ehlobene namandla yendawo yokusebenza kuyilapho kushiywa imikhuhlane yemvelo engagudlukiwe okwamanje. Ukususwa ngokuphelele kwekhabhoni kukasimende ngakho-ke kudinga ukuhlanganiswa kwe-hydrogen fuel nokubanjwa kwekhabhoni, ukusetshenziswa, nokugcinwa kwayo, noma ukuthuthukiswa kosimende abasha abane-low-clinker abanciphisa isidingo se-limestone ngokuphelele. Izimiso zokulawula nezimakethe ziyasheshisa lolu shintsho ngoba izinhlelo zokuhweba ngemikhuhlane, izindlela zokulungisa umngcele wekhabhoni, kanye nezinqubomgomo zokuthenga eziluhlaza konke kukhuphula isijeziso sezimali sokusebenzisa izinto ezijwayelekile. Kulesi simo, i-hydrogen iyaqhubeka nokusebenza njengentambo evamile, inika amandla ukushintshwa kukaphethiloli, isebenza njengesisekelo sikaphethiloli wokwenziwa, futhi inika amandla izinhlelo zokusiza ezigcina izimboni zisebenza kahle. Abathengi bezimboni abahlola izixazululo ze-hydrogen ngekusasa eline-carbon ephansi kufanele babaphathe amafasilithi abo njengezikhungo eziguquguqukayo ezikwazi ukusebenzisa ugesi, i-hydrogen, namandla agciniwe kanyekanye ukuze kwandiswe ukuqina nenzuzo.
7. Ukuthi kungani ubambiswano ne-Shanghai Mingzheng Technology lusheshisa impumelelo
Ukuzulazula ekushintsheni kuye ku-hydrogen akudingi nje ukuthenga izingxenye ezihlukene; kudinga umlingani oqonda umjikelezo wonke wempilo kusukela ekukhiqizweni kwe-green hydrogen kuya ekukhiqizweni kwamandla nge-fuel cell kuya ekusetshenzisweni kokugcina, okungukuthi lokhu kuyinani eliyinhloko le-Shanghai Mingzheng Technology. Inkampani yethu iklama futhi ihlanganisa ama-ALK nama-AEM electrolysis units, ama-hydrogen fuel cell stacks, ama-power modules, nama-vehicle powertrains, inikeza amakhasimende umthengisi owodwa ophethe konke esikhundleni sohlelo oluhlukanisiwe lwabathengisi abanezinkinga zokungahambisani. Ngenxa yokuthi sisebenzisa imigqa yethu yokukhiqiza nama-test benches, siqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle ngaphakathi ezimweni ezingokoqobo, okuhlanganisa ukushisa okuzumayo, imijikelezo yomswakama, nokuhlolwa okusheshisiwe kokuphela kwempilo ngaphakathi kwamagumbi enziwe ngokwezifiso avula ubuthakathaka kusenesikhathi futhi athuthukise kakhulu ukuthembeka ensimini. Sikhinda futhi sakhe izinhlelo zokulawula ezihlakaniphile nama-balance-of-plant packages okwenza kube lula ukufaka, ukuqalisa, ukusebenza, nokunakekela konjiniyela bezimboni abangenawo ochwepheshe be-hydrogen abazinikele. Wonke amasistimu esiwahambisayo aklanywa ngenhloso yamasu yokunciphisa izindleko zobunikazi zizonke ngenkathi kwandisa ukusebenza kahle, ukuqina, nokuphepha, okuyilokho ncamashi izakhiwo zezentengiselwano, izikhungo zedatha, izimboni, nabaqhubi bezimoto abakudingayo.
Uma uqala ukubuyekeza izinhlelo zokukhiqiza amandla ahlanzekile e-fuel cell ezithengiswa kakhulu kanye namagumbi ezemvelo kuwebhusayithi yethu, uzothola izinkomba ezibonisiwe kumandla amile, ezokuthutha, nokuhlolwa kwezimboni. Onjiniyela bethu basebenza kanye namakhasimende kusukela ocwaningweni lokuqala lokuthi kungenzeka yini kuze kube sekuhlolweni kwendawo, ukulinganiswa kwesistimu, ukufakwa, kanye nokusekelwa kwangemva kokuthengisa okulethwa ngezivumelwano zesevisi ezihlelekile eziqinisekisa ukutholakala kwesistimu nokusebenza kahle kwezobuchwepheshe. Sivame ukusekela abanikazi bezikhungo nabahlanganisi bezimoto ngokuhlinzeka ngokwakhiwa okusheshayo kanye nezixazululo ezingokwezifiso, njengezinhlelo ze-fuel cell ezihlangene ezingafakwa ezindaweni ezikhona zemishini ngaphandle kokudinga ukuguqulwa okubizayo kwesakhiwo. Ngenxa yokuthi simataniswe kakhulu nomkhakha we-hydrogen eChina nasezimakethe zomhlaba, siphinde sisize amakhasimende ukuthi ahambe ngezinqubo zokuqinisekiswa kwemishini, amakhodi okuphepha endawo, kanye nezinqubo zokufaka izicelo zezikhuthazo okuvame ukuba nomthelela omkhulu ekutholakaleni kwemali yephrojekthi. Xhumana nethimba lethu ngekhasi lokusekelwa ukuze sixoxe ngohlelo lwakho lwe-hydrogen, futhi ochwepheshe bethu bazokwenza isiphakamiso sobuchwepheshe nesohwebo esihambisana nokuhlose kwakho kokusimama kanye nesabelomali sakho sokusebenza. Emkhakheni wamandla lapho abaqalayo bethola izinzuzo ezingalingani, ukusebenzisana nomhlanganisi onolwazi yindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokunciphisa ubungozi botshalomali lwakho ekusaseni elinganambitheki likhabhoni.
8. Isiphetho: Indlela Ekhiqizayo Ye-Hydrogen Eyokufinyelela I-Net-Zero Emandleni Nasezimbonini
I-hydrogen isiye saqhubeka ngokuqinile ukusuka ekubeni into yaselebhu yocwaningo kuya ekubeni ingxenye yengqalasizinda ehambisekayo ethengiswayo ephendula emibuzweni emithathu enzima kakhulu ebhekene nomnotho womhlaba wonke ekusaseni elinokukhuthala kwekhabhoni ephansi: indlela yokugcina izikhungo ezibalulekile zisebenza ngesikhathi kwehluleka ugridi, indlela yokwehlisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni ezokuthutha ezisindayo ngaphandle kokudela ukusebenza kahle, kanye nendlela yokuqeda ukukhishwa kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo eziphika ukufakwa kukagesi. Sibonile ukuthi ubuchwepheshe obuvuthiwe be-ALK ne-AEM bokuhlukanisa amanzi ngogesi bungakhiqiza i-hydrogen ehlanzekile ngezindleko ezikhula ngokuhehayo, ikakhulukazi uma buhlanganiswa namandla avuselelekayo ashibhile kanye nezikhuthazi ezinomusa zomgomo. Sikutholile futhi ukuthi izinhlelo zamandla e-fuel cell ze-hydrogen ziletha ugesi ongathethiyo, ohlanzekile, oyimodyuli, futhi onokwethenjelwa kakhulu, okubeka ukuthi zingalandela ngokwemvelo izinjini zikadizili ezakhiweni, ezikhungweni zedatha, nasezimbonini. Ekugcineni, ukuhlaziya kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukwehla kwezindleko ezisakhiweni kanye nezibonelelo kuzobeka i-hydrogen emandleni alinganayo nomnotho namandla avamile, kuyilapho kuvula inani elengeziwe elivela ekuguquguqukeni kwegridi, amakhredithi ekhabhoni, nezinsizakalo zezimboni. Amabhizinisi asebenza manje ukuhlanganisa izixazululo ze-fuel cell ze-hydrogen, noma ngabe zamandla okusekela noma izimoto zezohwebo, azozithola esezikhundleni ezinhle njengoba imithetho iqina futhi okulindelekile emakethe kushintsha.
Isenzo sokuthatha isinyathelo ngakho-ke sicacile: noma yinhlangano enesineke elandelela izinhloso zokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwezinto ezikhishwa emoyeni kufanele ithumele ukuhlolwa kokufaneleka kwe-hydrogen onyakeni wezimali ozayo futhi ifake ozakwethu abafanelekile njenge-Shanghai Mingzheng Technology kulokho kuhlola. Qala ngokuhlola umbono wethu wenhlangano ukuze uqonde ubunzulu bokukhiqiza kwethu kanye nohlelo lwezitifiketi, futhi uhlole amakhasi ethu anemininingwane yezixazululo ukuze ubone ukuthi uhlelo oluphelele luhlanganiswa kanjani nengqalasizinda yakho ekhona kagesi nokushisa. Ochwepheshe bethu bangakusiza ukuthi umodeli ubuchwepheshe bezomnotho, ulinganise i-electrolyzer kanye namathangi okugcina, ukhethe ipulatifomu yamafutha ekahle, futhi ulungiselele ukuthunyelwa kwezokulawula okudingekayo ukuze uthole ukugunyazwa nezibonelelo. I-hydrogen ayisona isixazululo esiphelele esisusa zonke izinselelo zekhabhoni, kodwa iwumphelelisi obalulekile ezinto ezivuselelekayo, amabhetri, nezinyathelo zokusebenza ngempumelelo ezihlanganyela ukuchaza indlela engokoqobo yokufinyelela i-net-zero. Unyaka ngamunye wokubambezeleka awugcini nje ngokuhlehlisa ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwezinto, kodwa futhi ulahlekelwa ukonga okunqwabelanayo kokusebenza kanye nezinzuzo zamasu okuthi labo abasebenzisa i-hydrogen kusenesikhathi sebevele bezithola. Ushintsho oluya ekusaseni eline-carbon ephansi seluvele luqhubeka, futhi inhlangano yakho manje isinokuqonda kobuchwepheshe kanye nezinketho zobambiswano ukuze ibambe iqhaza ngokuzethemba.
Imibuzo Ejwayelekile (FAQ)
Yini ngempela izixazululo ze-hydrogen zekusasa elinokukhipha kancane kwekhabhoni?
Izixazululo ze-hydrogen zekusasa eline-carbon ephansi zihlanganisa wonke amaketanga obuchwepheshe akhiqiza, agcine, aguqule, futhi asebenzise i-hydrogen ehlanzekile ukuze athathe indawo kaphethiloli wezinto ezimbiwa phansi emandleni, ekuhambeni, nasezimbonini. Leli gama elibanzi lihlanganisa ama-electrolyzer afana nezinhlelo ze-ALK ne-AEM ezihlukanisa amanzi abe yi-green hydrogen kusetshenziswa ugesi ovuselelekayo, kanye nama-fuel cell aguqulela leyo hydrogen ibuyele kugesi nokushisa kuyilapho ikhipha umhwamuko wamanzi kuphela. Empeleni, isixazululo esiphelele singase sibe nokukhiqizwa kwezinto ezivuselelekayo, i-electrolyzer, imishini yokucindezela nokugcina, kanye nemojula ye-fuel cell exhunywe esakhiweni noma kudrayivu yemoto yezentengiselwano. Isici esiyinhloko ukuthi wonke uchungechunge lwenani noma lukhiqiza i-carbon dioxide enguziro noma lwehlisa kakhulu ukukhishwa kwesisi uma kuqhathaniswa nendlela yakudala ye-diesel noma yamalahle. Lezi zinhlelo zifaka isandla ekusaseni eline-carbon ephansi ngokunikeza amandla aqinile, alawulekayo kanye nophethiloli ohlanzekile ngaphandle kokuphazamisa igridi. Ziwumphelelisi obalulekile wamabhethri ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukuminyana kwamandla okuphezulu, isikhathi eside, nokugcwaliswa kwefuleli okusheshayo.
Amandla okusekela e-hydrogen ahluke kanjani kujeneretha yedizili evamile?
Amandla okusekela e-hydrogen ancike ekukhiqizeni amandla nge-hydrogen fuel cell, inqubo ye-electrochemical, kuyilapho i-diesel generator incike ekushiseni kwangaphakathi kukaphethiloli we-petroleum, futhi lowo mehluko owodwa ukhiqiza uchungechunge lwezinzuzo zokusebenza. I-fuel cell isebenza ngokuthula ngokuphelele futhi inokudlidliza okuphansi kakhulu, ayikhiqizi i-nitrogen oxide noma izinhlayiya zokungcola ezibonakala ngentuthu ye-diesel, futhi ikhipha umhwamuko wamanzi kuphela lapho isetshenziswa khona, okuyinzuzo enkulu ezindaweni eziminyene zasemadolobheni. Izinhlelo ze-hydrogen nazo zigwema ukuwohloka okusheshayo nomthwalo wokunakekela ohambisana nezinjini ezihlala zingasebenzi isikhathi eside, ngoba ama-fuel cell angasebenza esimweni sokulinda ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokuthembeka kokuqala okubandayo. Uma kuhlanganiswa ne-electrolysis yendawo nokugcina, ukufakwa kokusekela kwe-hydrogen kuqeda ukulethwa kukaphethiloli, ukonakala kukaphethiloli, kanye nengozi yokuphelelwa amandla ngesikhathi sokucisha amandla okude. Nokho, ama-generator e-hydrogen ngokuvamile anezindleko eziphakeme kakhulu nge-kilowatt ngayinye namuhla, ngakho izinhlangano kufanele ziqhathanise izindleko zobunikazi ngokuphelele esikhathini sokuphila kwemishini kunokuba zibheke intengo yokuqala kuphela. Ezikhungweni ezibeka phambili ukusimama, ukuqina, kanye nomkhondo omncane wemvelo, amandla okusekela e-hydrogen asheshe abe yindlela ekhethwayo.
Umehluko phakathi kobuchwepheshe be-ALK ne-AEM electrolysis yini?
I-ALK, noma i-alkaline electrolysis, isebenzisa i-potassium hydroxide electrolyte ewuketshezi futhi ibilokhu isebenza ngezinga lezimboni amashumi eminyaka amaningi, inikeza izindleko eziphansi zokuqala kanye nokusebenza okuqinile emazingeni aphezulu okukhiqiza okuqhubekayo. I-AEM, noma i-anion exchange membrane electrolysis, isebenzisa i-solid polymer membrane eqhuba ama-hydroxide ions kuyilapho ivumela ukusetshenziswa kwama-catalyst asuselwa ku-nickel angabizi kakhulu esikhundleni sezinsimbi eziyigugu. Umehluko omkhulu ugxile ekuphenduleni okuguquguqukayo, ubukhulu bendawo, ubunkimbinkimbi bohlelo, kanye nesimo se-balance-of-plant ngoba i-AEM iphendula ngokushesha ekushintsheni komthwalo futhi iqala futhi ime kalula, okwenza ifanelekele ukuhlanganiswa namandla avuselelekayo aguquguqukayo. Izinhlelo ze-ALK zigqama emsebenzini we-baseload lapho ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu ezikhathini ezinde kunciphisa ububi bazo bokuphansi kwe-current density. Abakhiqizi abahlukene basebenzisa imiklamo ye-stack eyingqayizivele, nakuba bobabili ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka buzuza ekwehleni okusheshayo kwezindleko njengoba izinga lokukhiqiza likhula. Ukukhetha phakathi kwabo ekugcineni kuncike kwiprofile yakho yomthwalo, indawo yokusebenza, ikhwalithi yamanzi, nokuthi ubeka phambili ukonga kwezimali noma ukuguquguquka kokusebenza kusu lakho lamandla anekhabhoni ephansi.
Ingabe i-hydrogen fuel cell ikhiqiza kanjani ugesi ngempela?
I-seli kaphethiloli ye-hydrogen ikhiqiza ugesi ngokusabela kwamakhemikhali ngogesi (electrochemical reaction) kunokuba ivutha, isebenzisa igesi ye-hydrogen nomoya-mpilo ovela emoyeni ozungezile njengokokufaka kwayo. I-hydrogen ifakwa ohlangothini lwe-anode yeseli lapho i-catalyst ikhuthaza ukukhululwa kwama-electron kuma-athomu e-hydrogen, ihlukanise igesi ibe ama-proton nama-electron amahhala. Ama-electron amahhala awakwazi ukuwela ulwelwesi lwe-electrolyte ngakho-ke ahamba ngesekethe yangaphandle, edala i-direct current enza umsebenzi owusizo njengokuqhuba i-motor noma ukunika amandla isakhiwo. Okwamanje, ama-proton adlula olwelwesini aye ku-cathode, lapho esabela khona nomoya-mpilo ongenayo nama-electron abuyayo ukuze akhe amanzi nokushisa njengemikhiqizo engemihle. Iseli elilodwa likaphethiloli likhiqiza i-voltage encane ecishe ibe i-volt eyodwa, ngakho amaseli amaningi ahlanganiswa abe yisitaki esixhunywe ngokulandelana ukuze kufinyelelwe i-voltage nesilinganiso samandla esifunekayo. Umphumela wokukhiqiza ugesi nge-hydrogen fuel cell uhlanzekile, uthule, awunakudlikiza, futhi usebenza kahle, ngokusebenza kahle kukagesi okuvamise ukuba phakathi kuka-45 no-60 ekhulwini kanye nokusebenza kahle okuphelele okuphezulu lapho ukushisa okulahliwe kubuyiselwa ukushisisa indawo noma ukusetshenziswa kwezinqubo.
Ingabe i-hydrogen ingakwazi yini ukuqhudelana nezindleko zikagesi we-grid esikhathini esizayo esiseduze?
Yebo, i-hydrogen isendleleni ecacile yokufinyelela ekulinganisweni kwezindleko, iqhutshwa yizindlela ezishubile zokufunda ekukhiqizweni kwe-electrolyzer, ukwehla kwamanani kagesi ovuselelekayo, kanye nohlelo oluqinile lomhlaba wonke lwezibonelelo nokubekwa kwentengo yekhabhoni. Izindleko zamanje ze-levelized zivela kakhulu kuma-electrolyzer abizayo asebenza ngamazinga aphansi okusebenza, kodwa abahlaziyi bahlala belinganisela ukuthi izindleko zongxiwankulu bezinhlelo ziyohla kakhulu eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo njengoba izimboni zikhula. Lapho izindleko zokukhiqiza i-hydrogen eluhlaza zehla ngaphansi kwama-dollar amathathu ngekhilogremu, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kwe-fuel cell kuba nokuncintisana namazinga entengo kagesi wokudayisa ezifundeni eziningi. Amaphrojekthi axhaswa ngezibonelelo e-European Union, e-China, nase-United States asevele efinyelela izindleko zokukhiqiza eziphumelelayo ezisondele kuleli zinga, enikeza ubufakazi obucacile bokuqagela kwezomnotho. Abasebenzisi bezimboni bangasheshisa lolu shintsho ngokubhangqa ama-electrolyzer namandla avuselelekayo ashibhile, angaphandle kwezikhathi zokupakama, nangokwenza imali kusukela ekuguquguqukeni, imikhiqizo engemihle ye-oxygen, nezinsiza zegridi. Ezinhlelweni ezinjengamandla okusekela lapho ukuthembeka kunenani eliphezulu, i-hydrogen isivele ishaya amandla avamile ngezimo zohwebo eziphelele namuhla.
Kungani ama-fuel cell e-hydrogen engcono kunamabhetri amakhulu emalolini nasezibhasini ezisindayo?
Ama-fuel cell e-hydrogen aletha izinzuzo eziqondile ekusebenzeni okunzima ngoba anika amandla aphezulu kakhulu e-gravimetric energy density, okuhumushela ngqo ebangeni elide kanye namandla okuthwala amakhulu ezimoto zezentengiselwano. Njengoba ibhetri ekwazi ukuhamba amakhilomitha angu-600 ingaba nesisindo samathani amaningi futhi inciphise isabelo sempahla, i-fuel cell enamathangi e-hydrogen yengeza isisindo esincane nje kuphela kuyilapho ifinyelela ebangeni elifanayo noma elingcono. Ukufaka uphethiloli emotweni ye-hydrogen yezentengiselwano kungaqedwa cishe ngemizuzu eyishumi kuya kweyishumi nanhlanu, kuqhathaniswa no-diesel ojwayelekile, kuyilapho ngisho nengqalasizinda esheshayo kakhulu yokushaja amandla aphezulu idinga isikhathi eside sokulinda amabhuthi amakhulu ebhetri. Amabhetri nawo awohloka ngokushesha ngaphansi kwesidingo esiqhubekayo samandla aphezulu esivamile ezimoto ezinkulu, okuholela ezindlekweni zokushintsha ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nezinselelo zempilo yesibili. Izimo ezibandayo zinciphisa amandla ebhetri nebanga kakhulu, kuyilapho izinhlelo ze-hydrogen zingathinteki kakhulu ekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa elizungezile. Emabhasini asemadolobheni aminyene, amaloli alula, nasemizileni ebikezelwayo, amabhetri ahlala esebenza kahle futhi enonga, kodwa kwizinto zokuthutha ezihamba ibanga elide kanye nemijikelezo yokusebenza yezimboni edingekayo, ama-fuel cell anikeza izindleko zobunikazi eziphakeme kakhulu kanye nokuguquguquka kokusebenza.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zebhizinisi ezihlinzekwa yi-Shanghai Mingzheng Technology ngezinhlelo zama-fuel cell e-hydrogen?
I-Mingzheng Technology yase-Shanghai inikeza inzuzo ehlukile ngokusebenza njengomkhiqizi ohlanganisiwe kanye nomdidiyeli wezinhlelo kulo lonke uchungechunge lwenani le-green hydrogen kanye ne-fuel cell, kunokuba ithengise izingxenye ezihlukanisiwe. Amakhasimende asebenza nozakwethu oyedwa ophethe ngokuzibophezela ohlinzeka ngama-electrolyzer, ama-fuel cell stacks, ama-power modules, ukuphathwa kokushisa, izinhlelo zokulawula, kanye namagumbi ezemvelo asetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwangempela emhlabeni. Amabhentshi ethu okuhlola angaphakathi kanye nemigqa yokukhiqiza asivumela ukuthi sibone amaphutha omklamo ngaphambi kokwethulwa ensimini, okunciphisa ubungozi bewarranti kanye nokubambezeleka kokuqalisa ukusebenza ezakhiweni zezentengiselwano, izikhungo zedatha, izimboni, kanye nabahlanganisi bezimoto. Senza ngokwezifiso ukwakheka kohlelo ukuze sihambisane nengqalasizinda kagesi ekhona kanye nezimo zokusebenza zesiza ngasinye sekhasimende, sisekelwa ubuchwepheshe obujulile be-electrochemical beqembu lethu lobunjiniyela. Ngenxa yokuthi sixhumene nabahlinzeki kanye nezinhlangano eziqinisekisayo ezimakethe zomhlaba wonke, siyabushelelezi indlela yokuthobela imithetho kanye nokugunyazwa kwezikhuthazo okuvame ukumisa amaphrojekthi amakhulu. Ekugcineni, sisiza amakhasimende ukuthi aguqule izixazululo eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-hydrogen zibe yizimpahla ezithembekile eziletha amandla ahlanzekile anezindleko eziphansi, asebenza kahle kakhulu, nokunciphisa ubungozi obuphelele bomjikelezo wokuphila.
I-hydrogen izodlala indima ini ekwehliseni i-carbon ezimbonini zensimbi nosimende?
Ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi kungancishiswa nge-carbon ngokushintsha iziko lensimbi ezisebenzisa i-coke ngama-direct reduced iron processes asebenzisa i-green hydrogen njenge-arhente ehlanzekile yokunciphisa, kuqedwe ukukhishwa kwesikhutha esikhulu okuhambisana nokwenziwa kwensimbi kwendabuko. Ukunciphisa ngokusebenzisa i-hydrogen kusebenza emazingeni okushisa aphansi futhi kukhiqiza umhwamuko wamanzi esikhundleni se-carbon dioxide, okwenza kube nensimbi ekhipha cishe nhlobo i-emission edinga amanani aphezulu kubathengi abaqaphela ukusimama. Ukukhiqiza usimende kuncike kwi-hydrogen ngokuyinhloko njengophethiloli ohlanzekile ofaka esikhundleni samalahle noma igesi eziko layo elishisa kakhulu, kuncishiswe kakhulu ukukhishwa okuhlobene namandla nakuba ukushiswa kwe-limestone kusakhipha i-carbon dioxide engokwemvelo edinga ukuthathwa noma ezinye izindlela ze-clinker. Yomibili le mikhakha ibhekana nengcindezi ekhulayo yemithetho ngokudayiswa kwama-emission kanye nezindlela zokulungisa umngcele we-carbon, okukhuphula ngokuyisisekelo isijeziso sokugcina izinqubo ezikhipha kakhulu i-carbon. I-hydrogen ngakho-ke isebenza njengethuluzi eliguquguqukayo lokushintsha uphethiloli, ukufaka esikhundleni izinto zokusetshenziswa, namandla asizayo kule mikhakha enzima ukunciphisa. Ubambiswano olufana nalolo olunikezwa yi-Shanghai Mingzheng Technology lusekela izinyathelo eziphakathi zokukhiqiza i-hydrogen endaweni kanye namandla e-fuel cell okwenza ukuncishiswa kwe-carbon kwezimboni kube nokwenzeka ngokwezomnotho.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukufaka uhlelo lwe-hydrogen backup power lwesakhiwo sezohwebo?
Izikhathi zokufakwa kohlelo lwe-hydrogen backup power ziyahlukahluka kakhulu ngokuya ngobubanzi bomsebenzi, ukulungela kwesiza, izimvume, nokuthi uthenga kuphela i-fuel cell generator noma ufaka noma yini phakathi kwe-electrolysis ne-storage infrastructure. I-turnkey fuel cell backup unit elula, enobukhulu obuphakathi kuka-50 no-300 kilowatts, ngokuvamile ingafakwa futhi iqalise ukusebenza phakathi namasonto ayishumi nambili kuya kwamashumi amabili nane kusukela ekuthengeni, uma kucatshangwa ukuthi ukuhlelwa kokuxhuma kukagesi sekuqediwe. Izinhlelo ezinkulu ezihlanganisiwe ezifaka i-AEM noma i-ALK electrolyzer, i-high-pressure storage, kanye ne-microgrid control logic zidinga ubunjiniyela obuyinkimbinkimbi nokuhlela okunwetshwa ngokuvamile kuya ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya kweziyishumi nambili. Imisebenzi yezokwakha, ukubuyekezwa kwezokuphepha komlilo, kanye nokugunyazwa kwe-grid noma iziphathimandla zezimvume, ngokuvamile kubangela umehluko wesikhathi kakhulu kunokukhiqizwa kwemishini ngokwayo. Umhlanganisi ochwepheshile njenge-Shanghai Mingzheng Technology ufinyeza izikhathi ngokuhlela amaphakethe obunjiniyela, ukuhlola izinhlelo ezigcwele efektri, nokuqondisa amakhasimende ekuthobeleni imithetho nasekufakeni izicelo zezinzuzo kusukela ekuqaleni. Ukusebenzisana nomhlanganisi kusenesikhathi ngesikhathi sokuhlola ukuthi kungenzeka yini, ngakho-ke kuyindlela ethembekile kakhulu yokuqinisekisa ukuthi usuku olulindelekile lokuvikelwa kokuphazamiseka kukagesi luhambisana nesimo sangempela sokusebenza.
Ingabe amandla e-hydrogen aphephile ukusetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo zezohwebo nasezindaweni eziminyene zasemadolobheni?
I-Hydrogen iphephile uma iphathwa ngokuya ngezindinganiso ezimisiwe, futhi izinhlelo zanamuhla zama-fuel cell zifaka izendlalelo eziningi zokuvikela ezenza ukusetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo kube yinto evamile ezinkulungwaneni zokufakwa emhlabeni wonke. I-Hydrogen ilula kunomoya futhi ihlakazeka ngokushesha uma kwenzeka ukuvuza, ngaphandle kwengozi yokunqwabelana phansi okutholakala kuphethiloli noma ukuhlala isikhathi eside kwamafutha asindayo, okuyinzuzo yokuphepha engokwemvelo ezindaweni ezivulekile. Izinhlelo zama-fuel cell zigunyazwe ngezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe ezifana ne-IEC 62282 noma i-UL 2262, zinama-sensor okuthola igesi avala ngokuzenzakalelayo umshini ekuqaleni nje kokutholakala kokugxila okungajwayelekile. Amathangi okugcina enziwa ukuhlolwa okuqinile kokuqhuma nokuhlolwa kwemithelela, futhi ukufakwa ngokuvamile kufaka izinto zokukhulula umfutho, izivimbeli zamalangabi, kanye nokungenisa umoya okuphoqelekile okuvikela indawo ezungezile. Abasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe nezinqubo ezicacile zokuphatha izimo eziphuthumayo kugcwalisa konke lokhu, okwenza amandla okusekela e-hydrogen abe yinto evamile nevumelekile emthethweni wezakhiwo. Njengoba imakethe yemishini yezixazululo ze-hydrogen yekusasa elinokukhishwa kwekhabhoni okuphansi ikhula, izindlu ezijwayelekile nokuqapha okukude kuqhubeka kunciphisa umthwalo emaqenjini obunjiniyela basendaweni kanye nabasebenzi bokuqala bezimo eziphuthumayo ngokufanayo.
Shiya ulwazi lwakho futhi sizokuthinta.